Maxine Sanders: The Witch Queen of Swinging London

How the most pop Wiccan priestess in history made occultism cool

Seeing her today — French twist, refined posh accent, metallic pink nails — it’s hard to imagine that this nearly eighty-year-old English lady with aristocratic manners is indeed Maxine Sanders: the Witch Queen of Alexandrian Wicca, the high priestess adored by television and British tabloids, the most recognisable face of the occult sciences in 1960s and 70s England.

Maxine Sanders. PH. Stewart Farrar

Sophisticated and temperamental like an old Hollywood diva, Maxine effortlessly blends earthly frivolity with otherworldly grandeur. She recounts spicy anecdotes with a cunning, cosmopolitan smile — like the time she ended up almost completely naked at an afterparty hosted by film director Malcolm Leigh, when one of the threads of her crocheted purple dress began to unravel — or criticises the scruffy look of some modern witches with a sharp «we’re not hikers». Her words brim with wisdom, wit, and love for the Craft — as wicca is called among initiates — but also a deep understanding of the importance of image.

Maxine Sanders, Alderley Edge, January 1966

Not coincidentally, Maxine and her husband — Alex Sanders, founder of Alexandrian Wicca and its namesake — created a media machine never before seen among practitioners of the occult. Born Arline Maxine Morris on the 30th December 1946 in Cheshire, Maxine had no idea what life would bring when her mother, who also dabbled in the esoteric, invited her old friend Alex Sanders, over for tea. From that meeting, an unbreakable bond was born — both romantic and magical — despite their 20-year age gap. They were married first in 1965 through a handfasting ritual — a magical hand-binding ceremony — and then civilly in 1968.

The couple moved to London, where they founded the first Alexandrian coven and had two children. Maxine, who had been consecrated as Third Degree Witch Queen by Sanders, played a significant role in initiating new adepts. In 1971 they bought a house in Sussex, living between London and the countryside; but just a year later, Maxine decided to end her collaboration with Sanders and the two separated. Nevertheless, they remained in close contact until his death in 1988. She returned to London, where she founded a new coven called The Temple of the Mother, active until the 1980s and focused primarily on healing and benevolent rituals. She published two autobiographies: Maxine The Witch Queen in 1976 and Fire Child: The Life & Magic of Maxine Sanders ‘Witch Queen’ in 2008.

Maxine Sanders

Thanks to their dedication to documentation, we have countless snapshots and film stills of Wiccan rituals. In one of the most well-known to the public, Maxine stands at the center in a perfectly composed pose, surrounded by daggers, trays, censers and chalices. Her long blonde hair, the white lace robe, the burgundy velvet backdrops, the silvery gleam of magical objects, and the soft pastel tones — the Sanderses, like true art directors, used all these elements to evoke the mysterious and ancient allure of early color photography. We also find ambiguous black-and- white portraits, firelight flickering over Maxine’s sharp, naked body, initiates dancing in a circle, ritual orgies, Maxine alongside the rock band Black Widow…

Maxine Sanders

These images, whose evocative power pull us in and spark curiosity, are woven into a complex network of references, tributes, and legacies: the Pre-Raphaelites, Victorian Gothic, 19th-century psychic séances, Picnic at Hanging Rock, Thea Porter’s ethereal medieval-inspired fashions, Catherine Deneuve in Peau d’Âne, or Marianne Faithfull’s cover of Scarborough Fair — all weave together into a kind of hall-of-mirrors reflection of their time.

Maxine & the Black Widow

The reasons for Alexandrian Wicca’s success lie precisely in the Sanderses’ ability to read the sociocultural moment, tapping into the rising collective imagination of 1960s and 70s Britain, as the country slowly came out from post-war conservative gloom. The capital, soon to be known as Swinging London, awakened and attracted a vibrant community of musicians, artists, writers, and designers who helped create a local scene that would forever change the underground culture. From this unique convergence came the Rolling Stones, Mary Quant with her miniskirt, Bailey’s black-and-white shots, and Michelangelo Antonioni’s iconic film Blow-Up.

Wiccan ritual, Alderley Edge


Interest in esoteric practices had been resurging in England since the early 20th century. In 1951, witchcraft was officially decriminalised, allowing occultist movements to expand significantly. The 1960s brought a reinterpretation of British folklore and neopaganism, marking the unstoppable rise of magical arts. These were embraced by a population eager for new forms of spirituality, social connection, and bodily liberation. It was during this era that Alex Sanders founded Alexandrian Wicca, based on the widely practiced Gardnerian Wicca. His doctrine was more open, incorporating elements from other religions and mystical practices, and emphasised proselytising — a stark contrast to the secrecy traditionally associated with the arcane.

In a historical moment when communication strategies were becoming increasingly driven by advertising language and visual impact, the Sanderses immediately grasped the importance of public exposure in spreading their practice. They gave numerous press interviews, appeared nude under moonlight in tabloids. Many scholars referenced them in anthologies, like Stewart Farrar did in his occult classic What Witches Do. They featured in several documentaries — Legend of the Witches (1970), Witchcraft ’70 (1970), Secret Rites (1971), and The Power of the Witch (1971) — films often categorised as witchploitation (a blend of “witch” and “exploitation”), which were a massive success in the UK due to their overtly erotic content.

The Wiccan Initiation of Sharon Tate.

Maxine was the perfect vehicle to embody this new Wiccan tradition — modern and in tune with the times. Her supernatural beauty and flair for performance were fundamental in defining the Alexandrian Wiccan aesthetic. Fashion, unsurprisingly, was one of the key mediums through which its doctrine spread. Maxine has often commented on how her husband was truly passionate about tailoring, often working late into the night making garments for their ceremonies.

But all that glitters is not gold. Various sources claim that what was expected of Maxine was simply to «sit there in all her perfection» to «represent the Goddess». The story of this Catholic girl turned Witch Queen is also the story of many women who, during those turbulent decades, tried to break free from the rigid gender roles imposed by a conservative and puritanical society — only to find themselves reduced to decorative figures. It’s also the tale of a double emancipation: first from an oppressive social order, then from an equally stifling male dominance. Maxine’s life certainly didn’t end with the divorce. Her magical practice continued for decades, evolving into an almost institutional force—a maternal authority, full of strength— for all those initiated into the occult.

The Temple of the Mother. 1976 ©. Museum of Witchcraft and Magic

Sanders, who a few years after her separation from her husband had herself immortalised on the cover of her autobiography wearing a 1970s red satin dress, a metallic headpiece, and holding a long sword — a contemporary Circe just out of Studio 54. Sanders, who, when asked about the best advice she’d ever received in the Craft, responded with natural authority and graceful ease: «Enjoy — enjoy everything». Sanders, who rode the wave of Counterculture like no other without ever slipping into banality, and who still embodies that magnetic hybrid of rockstar bohemianism and the sacred aura of a high priestess. The Witch Queen continues to enchant anyone who dares to enter her world — rich, complex, and irreducibly free. And we surrender, gladly, to her spell.

Maxine Sanders by Laura Kelly © The Last Bohemians

Maxine Sanders: la regina strega dello Swinging London



Sources:
https://hero-magazine.com/article/72027/occult-filmmaker-gary-parsons-on-why-60s-britain-was-obsessed-with-witchcraft

https://www.anothermag.com/fashion-beauty/7333/lessons-we-can-learn-from-maxine-sanders

https://www.agenteprovocador.es/publicaciones/el-ciudadano-kane-del-mundo-oculto

https://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/32864/1/how-the-power-of-witchcraft- gripped-70s-britain

watch?v=3hWiBSjcvFM https://thewitchesalmanac.com/pages/maxine-sanders

Museum of Witchcraft’s Simon Costin interviews Maxine Sanders https://www.youtube.com/


ARTICLE & TRANSLATION BY
Marta Rey Villena

 

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